{"id":163,"date":"2026-06-04T09:38:16","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/?p=163"},"modified":"2026-06-04T09:42:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:42:04","slug":"odpenovac-maly-pridavek-ktery-zabranuje-vzniku-peny-v-cele-sarzi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/defoamer-the-small-addition-that-stops-foam-from-wrecking-an-entire-batch\/","title":{"rendered":"Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d: Drobn\u00fd p\u0159\u00eddavek, kter\u00fd zabr\u00e1n\u00ed tomu, aby p\u011bna zni\u010dila celou \u0161ar\u017ei"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Po v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011btadvaceti letech pr\u00e1ce v provozech na v\u00fdrobu barev a n\u00e1t\u011brov\u00fdch hmot jsem vid\u011bl, jak se p\u011bna prom\u011bnila v dlouh\u00fd den pln\u00fd zmetk\u016f a p\u0159ed\u011bl\u00e1vek. Nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak dobr\u00e1 je disperze pigmentu nebo syst\u00e9m prysky\u0159ice - pokud se p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u011bna p\u0159enese do hotov\u00e9ho n\u00e1t\u011bru, skon\u010d\u00edte s d\u00edrkami, kr\u00e1tery, \u0161patnou tekutost\u00ed a nespokojen\u00fdmi z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de jsou p\u0159\u00edsady, kter\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f v klidu zabr\u00e1n\u00ed, ale pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e si vyberete spr\u00e1vn\u00fd typ a spr\u00e1vn\u011b ho pou\u017eijete.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">P\u011bna vznik\u00e1, kdy\u017e se do kapaliny p\u0159i m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed nebo pln\u011bn\u00ed vysokou smykovou rychlost\u00ed dostane vzduch, a bubliny jsou stabilizov\u00e1ny stejn\u00fdmi povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00edmi l\u00e1tkami a disperg\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro formulaci. Ve vodou \u0159editeln\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech je tento probl\u00e9m obvykle hor\u0161\u00ed kv\u016fli vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu obsahu povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00edch l\u00e1tek. Dobr\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d funguje tak, \u017ee m\u00e1 velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9 povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed, tak\u017ee se rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed po povrchu bublin, vytla\u010duje stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed film a zp\u016fsobuje zten\u010den\u00ed a prasknut\u00ed st\u011bny bubliny. Mnoho modern\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f obsahuje tak\u00e9 mal\u00e9 hydrofobn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed prorazit film zevnit\u0159.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Pravideln\u011b sah\u00e1m po t\u0159ech hlavn\u00edch rodin\u00e1ch. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de na b\u00e1zi miner\u00e1ln\u00edch olej\u016f jsou robustn\u00ed a cenov\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch a \u00fadr\u017ebov\u00fdch n\u00e1t\u011brech. V\u00fdrobky na b\u00e1zi silikonu, obvykle modifikovan\u00e9 polydimethylsiloxany, poskytuj\u00ed rychl\u00e9 odp\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i velmi n\u00edzk\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch a jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v architektonick\u00fdch a vysoce leskl\u00fdch vodou \u0159editeln\u00fdch n\u00e1t\u011brech. Varianty na b\u00e1zi polymer\u016f nebo bez silikonu se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi tam, kde p\u0159edpisy nebo obavy o kompatibilitu vylu\u010duj\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed silikony.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Je\u0161t\u011b si vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m na projekt akrylov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho smaltu na vodn\u00ed b\u00e1zi p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety, kter\u00fd uk\u00e1zal skute\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly. Dispergovali jsme TiO\u2082 a organick\u00e9 pigmenty p\u0159i 32 % PVC v akryl\u00e1tov\u00e9 disperzi. Bez jak\u00e9hokoli odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de ml\u00fdnsk\u00e1 b\u00e1ze \u0161patn\u011b p\u011bnila. Po deseti minut\u00e1ch vysokorychlostn\u00ed dispergace v odm\u011brn\u00e9m v\u00e1lci o objemu 250 ml dos\u00e1hla v\u00fd\u0161ka p\u011bny 175 mm a z\u016fstala tam. Hotov\u00fd n\u00e1t\u011br vykazoval p\u0159i stahov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b 14 d\u011br na 10 cm\u00b2, lesk p\u0159i 60\u00b0 byl pouze 64 jednotek a na nast\u0159\u00edkan\u00fdch panelech byly viditeln\u00e9 kr\u00e1tery.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Pot\u00e9 jsme pou\u017eili identick\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzorec s p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm t\u0159\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d\u016f v mno\u017estv\u00ed 0,3 % aktivn\u00edch b\u011bhem f\u00e1ze odpou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"auto\">\n<li>Standardn\u00ed odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d miner\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje sn\u00ed\u017eil v\u00fd\u0161ku p\u011bny na 70 mm. Po\u010det d\u011br klesl na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 na 10 cm\u00b2, ale zaschl\u00fd film m\u011bl m\u00edrn\u00fd z\u00e1kal a lesk dos\u00e1hl pouze 71 jednotek. Po dvou t\u00fddnech p\u0159i teplot\u011b 50 \u00b0C jsme pozorovali drobn\u00e9 odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed povrchu.<\/li>\n<li>Konven\u010dn\u00ed silikonov\u00e1 emulze sn\u00ed\u017eila v\u00fd\u0161ku p\u011bny na 18 mm a eliminovala vznik d\u011br na stahovan\u00fdch i st\u0159\u00edkan\u00fdch panelech. Lesk se zv\u00fd\u0161il na 82 jednotek. Skladovac\u00ed stabilita byla dobr\u00e1, i kdy\u017e jsme zaznamenali m\u00edrn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kluznosti, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji zp\u016fsobilo drobn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kdy\u017e cht\u011bl z\u00e1kazn\u00edk prov\u00e9st nov\u00fd n\u00e1t\u011br.<\/li>\n<li>Polyetherem modifikovan\u00fd silikon poskytl p\u011bnu o v\u00fd\u0161ce 15 mm, nulov\u00e9 d\u00edrky a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed lesk 86 jednotek. Vyk\u00e1zal tak\u00e9 nejlep\u0161\u00ed dlouhodobou stabilitu - po 30 dnech p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b nedo\u0161lo k separaci ani ke zm\u011bn\u011b viskozity. Jedin\u00fdm kompromisem bylo mal\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed povrchov\u00e9ho skluzu, kter\u00e9 jsme zvl\u00e1dli \u00fapravou d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed na 0,25 %.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Modifikovan\u00e1 silikonov\u00e1 verze se stala na\u0161\u00edm standardem pro tuto \u0159adu, proto\u017ee poskytovala nej\u010dist\u0161\u00ed film bez vzniku nov\u00fdch defekt\u016f. P\u0159\u00eddavek jsme rozd\u011blili - polovinu v rozm\u011bln\u011bn\u00e9m a polovinu ve vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9m stavu - co\u017e poskytlo o n\u011bco lep\u0161\u00ed odolnost ne\u017e p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161eho najednou.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Tento pokus pos\u00edlil poznatky, kter\u00e9 jsem vid\u011bl opakovat v mnoha z\u00e1vodech. U silikon\u016f je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed; obvykle sta\u010d\u00ed 0,1-0,4 %. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010dasto vznikaj\u00ed ryb\u00ed o\u010di nebo kr\u00e1tery, zejm\u00e9na u vysoce leskl\u00fdch nebo p\u0159elakovateln\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9m bodu. Vlo\u017een\u00ed cel\u00e9 d\u00e1vky do rozm\u011bln\u011bn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdy sn\u00ed\u017eit pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost kv\u016fli st\u0159ihu. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed kompatibility na skute\u010dn\u00e9m podkladu a s cel\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm je neoddiskutovateln\u00e9 - produkt, kter\u00fd funguje perfektn\u011b v jednom akryl\u00e1tu, m\u016f\u017ee v jin\u00e9m p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edtomnosti ur\u010dit\u00fdch sm\u00e1\u010dedel \u0161patn\u011b kr\u00e1terovat.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Ze zku\u0161enosti v\u00edm, \u017ee z\u00e1vody, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f s p\u011bn\u011bn\u00edm, pova\u017euj\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de za v\u00e1\u017enou formula\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, nikoli za dodate\u010dnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost. Prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed zkou\u0161ky, m\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ku p\u011bny ihned i po 24 hodin\u00e1ch, kontroluj\u00ed zaschl\u00fd film p\u0159i dobr\u00e9m osv\u011btlen\u00ed a v\u017edy ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed stabilitu p\u0159i skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a schopnost op\u011btovn\u00e9ho n\u00e1t\u011bru. Vedou si tak\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o tom, kter\u00e9 druhy se nejl\u00e9pe osv\u011bd\u010duj\u00ed s konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi kombinacemi pigment\u016f a prysky\u0159ic.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed v\u0161echny probl\u00e9my. Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje mohou zp\u016fsobit zaml\u017een\u00ed bezbarv\u00fdch lak\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 silikony ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ilnavost mezi n\u00e1t\u011bry. V\u00fdrobky na b\u00e1zi polymer\u016f n\u011bkdy vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1vky. Skute\u010dnou dovednost\u00ed je p\u0159izp\u016fsobit chemii zdroji p\u011bny, zp\u016fsobu aplikace a po\u017eadavk\u016fm na kone\u010dn\u00fd film a pot\u00e9 potvrdit volbu praktick\u00fdm testov\u00e1n\u00edm, nikoli se spol\u00e9hat pouze na datov\u00e9 listy.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Kdy\u017e se pou\u017eije spr\u00e1vn\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 hladin\u011b a p\u0159id\u00e1 se ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi, v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed si jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnosti ani nev\u0161imne. V\u00fdroba prob\u00edh\u00e1 hlad\u010deji, zmetky klesaj\u00ed a hotov\u00fd n\u00e1t\u011br vypad\u00e1 tak, jak m\u00e1. Tato tich\u00e1 spolehlivost je d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d i po tolika letech pova\u017euji v\u00fdb\u011br odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de za jedno z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rozhodnut\u00ed v ka\u017ed\u00e9 receptu\u0159e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After more than twenty-five years working in paint and coatings plants, I\u2019ve seen foam turn what should have been a straightforward production run into a long day of rejects and rework. It doesn\u2019t matter how good the pigment dispersion or resin system is \u2014 if persistent foam carries through to the finished paint, you end [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=163"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":167,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163\/revisions\/167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}