{"id":163,"date":"2026-06-04T09:38:16","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/?p=163"},"modified":"2026-06-04T09:42:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:42:04","slug":"odpenovac-male-mnozstvo-ktore-zabrani-tomu-aby-pena-znicila-celu-sarzu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/defoamer-the-small-addition-that-stops-foam-from-wrecking-an-entire-batch\/","title":{"rendered":"Odpe\u0148ova\u010d: Mal\u00fd pr\u00eddavok, ktor\u00fd zabr\u00e1ni vzniku peny v celej \u0161ar\u017ei"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Po viac ako dvadsiatich piatich rokoch pr\u00e1ce v z\u00e1vodoch na v\u00fdrobu farieb a n\u00e1terov\u00fdch hm\u00f4t som videl, ako pena zmenila to, \u010do malo by\u0165 jednoduchou v\u00fdrobou, na dlh\u00fd de\u0148 zmetkov a prepracov\u00e1vania. Nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, ak\u00e1 dobr\u00e1 je disperzia pigmentu alebo syst\u00e9m \u017eivice - ak sa pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00faca pena prenesie do hotov\u00e9ho n\u00e1teru, skon\u010d\u00edte s dierkami, kr\u00e1termi, zl\u00fdm tokom a nespokojn\u00fdmi z\u00e1kazn\u00edkmi. Odpe\u0148ova\u010de s\u00fa pr\u00edsady, ktor\u00e9 pokojne zabr\u00e1nia v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine t\u00fdchto probl\u00e9mov, ale len vtedy, ke\u010f si vyberiete spr\u00e1vny typ a spr\u00e1vne ho pou\u017eijete.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Pena vznik\u00e1, ke\u010f sa po\u010das mie\u0161ania s vysok\u00fdm \u0161mykov\u00fdm nam\u00e1han\u00edm, \u010derpania alebo plnenia do kvapaliny dostane vzduch, pri\u010dom bubliny stabilizuj\u00fa tie ist\u00e9 povrchovo akt\u00edvne l\u00e1tky a disperga\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre dan\u00fa recept\u00faru. V syst\u00e9moch na vodnej b\u00e1ze je tento probl\u00e9m zvy\u010dajne z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161\u00ed kv\u00f4li vy\u0161\u0161iemu obsahu povrchovo akt\u00edvnych l\u00e1tok. \u00da\u010dinn\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d p\u00f4sob\u00ed tak, \u017ee m\u00e1 ve\u013emi n\u00edzke povrchov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie, v\u010faka \u010domu sa r\u00fdchlo rozprestrie po povrchu bubliny, vytla\u010d\u00ed stabiliza\u010dn\u00fd film a sp\u00f4sob\u00ed, \u017ee stena bubliny sa sten\u010d\u00ed a bublina praskne. Mnoh\u00e9 modern\u00e9 produkty obsahuj\u00fa aj mal\u00e9 hydrof\u00f3bne \u010dastice, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa prerazi\u0165 film zvn\u00fatra.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Existuj\u00fa tri hlavn\u00e9 skupiny produktov, po ktor\u00fdch pravidelne siaham. Odpenova\u010de na b\u00e1ze miner\u00e1lnych olejov s\u00fa spo\u013eahliv\u00e9 a cenovo v\u00fdhodn\u00e9, najm\u00e4 v priemyseln\u00fdch a \u00fadr\u017ebov\u00fdch n\u00e1teroch. Produkty na b\u00e1ze silik\u00f3nu, zvy\u010dajne modifikovan\u00e9 polydimetylsilox\u00e1ny, zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa r\u00fdchle potla\u010denie peny u\u017e pri ve\u013emi n\u00edzkych d\u00e1vkach a \u0161iroko sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v architektonick\u00fdch a vysoko leskl\u00fdch vodou riedite\u013en\u00fdch farb\u00e1ch. Varianty na b\u00e1ze polym\u00e9rov alebo bez obsahu silik\u00f3nov sa stali popul\u00e1rnej\u0161\u00edmi v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f regula\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky alebo obavy o kompatibilitu vylu\u010duj\u00fa pou\u017eitie tradi\u010dn\u00fdch silik\u00f3nov.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">St\u00e1le si pam\u00e4t\u00e1m projekt s priemyseln\u00fdm akrylov\u00fdm lakom na vodnej b\u00e1ze spred nieko\u013ek\u00fdch rokov, ktor\u00fd jasne uk\u00e1zal skuto\u010dn\u00e9 rozdiely. V akrylovej disperzii sme dispergovali TiO\u2082 a organick\u00e9 pigmenty v pomere 32 % PVC. Bez ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010da sa z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 zmes silno napenila. Po desiatich min\u00fatach vysokor\u00fdchlostn\u00e9ho dispergovania v 250 ml odmernom valci dosiahla v\u00fd\u0161ka peny 175 mm a zostala na tejto \u00farovni. Hotov\u00e1 farba vykazovala na nanesen\u00fdch vzork\u00e1ch v priemere 14 drobn\u00fdch dierok na 10 cm\u00b2, lesk pri 60\u00b0 bol len 64 jednotiek a na panely nanesen\u00e9 striekan\u00edm boli vidite\u013en\u00e9 kr\u00e1tery.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">N\u00e1sledne sme vykonali test s identick\u00fdm z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm zlo\u017een\u00edm, do ktor\u00e9ho sme po\u010das f\u00e1zy zn\u00ed\u017eenia teploty pridali tri r\u00f4zne odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de v mno\u017estve 0,3 % akt\u00edvnej l\u00e1tky:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"auto\">\n<li>\u0160tandardn\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d na b\u00e1ze miner\u00e1lneho oleja zn\u00ed\u017eil v\u00fd\u0161ku peny na 70 mm. Po\u010det drobn\u00fdch dierok klesol na pribli\u017ene 5 na 10 cm\u00b2, av\u0161ak zaschnut\u00fd film vykazoval mierne zakalenie a lesk dosiahol iba 71 jednotiek. Po dvoch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och pri teplote 50 \u00b0C sme zaznamenali mierne oddelenie vrstiev na povrchu.<\/li>\n<li>Be\u017en\u00e1 silik\u00f3nov\u00e1 emulzia zn\u00ed\u017eila v\u00fd\u0161ku peny na 18 mm a odstr\u00e1nila drobn\u00e9 dierky tak na nan\u00e1\u0161an\u00fdch, ako aj na striekan\u00fdch paneloch. Lesk sa zv\u00fd\u0161il na 82 jednotiek. Skladovacia stabilita bola dobr\u00e1, hoci sme zaznamenali mierny n\u00e1rast k\u013azavosti, \u010do nesk\u00f4r sp\u00f4sobilo men\u0161ie probl\u00e9my, ke\u010f z\u00e1kazn\u00edk chcel povrch nanovo natrie\u0165.<\/li>\n<li>Silik\u00f3n modifikovan\u00fd poly\u00e9terom dosiahol v\u00fd\u0161ku peny 15 mm, nulov\u00fd po\u010det dierok a najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed lesk na \u00farovni 86 jednotiek. Vyzna\u010doval sa tie\u017e najlep\u0161ou dlhodobou stabilitou \u2013 po 30 d\u0148och pri izbovej teplote nedo\u0161lo k \u017eiadnemu oddeleniu zlo\u017eiek ani k zmene viskozity. Jedin\u00fdm kompromisom bolo mierne zv\u00fd\u0161enie k\u013azavosti povrchu, \u010do sme vyrie\u0161ili zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm d\u00e1vky na 0,25 %.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Modifikovan\u00e1 silik\u00f3nov\u00e1 verzia sa stala na\u0161\u00edm \u0161tandardom pre t\u00fato produktov\u00fa l\u00edniu, preto\u017ee poskytovala naj\u010distej\u0161\u00ed film bez vytv\u00e1rania nov\u00fdch ch\u00fdb. Pr\u00edsadu sme rozdelili \u2013 polovicu do zmesi a polovicu do zriedenia \u2013, \u010do zabezpe\u010dilo o nie\u010do lep\u0161iu trv\u00e1cnos\u0165 ne\u017e pridanie cel\u00e9ho mno\u017estva naraz.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Tento pokus potvrdil sk\u00fasenosti, ktor\u00e9 som opakovane pozoroval v mnoh\u00fdch z\u00e1vodoch. Pri silik\u00f3noch je d\u00e1vkovanie k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9; zvy\u010dajne sta\u010d\u00ed 0,1\u20130,4 %. Pri v\u00fdrazne vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch d\u00e1vkach sa \u010dasto vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa \u201erybie o\u010di\u201c alebo kr\u00e1tery, najm\u00e4 v syst\u00e9moch s vysok\u00fdm leskom alebo v syst\u00e9moch umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00facich op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 nan\u00e1\u0161anie. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd je aj bod pridania. Ak sa cel\u00e1 d\u00e1vka prid\u00e1 u\u017e do zmesi, m\u00f4\u017ee to nesk\u00f4r zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku \u0161mykov\u00e9ho nam\u00e1hania. Testovanie kompatibility na skuto\u010dnom podklade a s kompletnou recept\u00farou je absol\u00fatne nevyhnutn\u00e9 \u2013 produkt, ktor\u00fd funguje perfektne v jednom akryle, m\u00f4\u017ee v inom vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 kr\u00e1tery, ak s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 ur\u010dit\u00e9 zm\u00e1\u010dadl\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Zo sk\u00fasenost\u00ed vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee z\u00e1vody, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa najmenej probl\u00e9mov s penen\u00edm, ber\u00fa v\u00fdber odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010da ako seri\u00f3znu s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 v\u00fdvoja recept\u00fary, a nie ako nie\u010do, \u010do sa rie\u0161i a\u017e dodato\u010dne. Vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa riadne porovn\u00e1vacie testy, meraj\u00fa v\u00fd\u0161ku peny bezprostredne aj po 24 hodin\u00e1ch, kontroluj\u00fa zaschnut\u00fd film pri dobrom osvetlen\u00ed a v\u017edy overuj\u00fa skladovaciu stabilitu a vlastnosti pri nan\u00e1\u0161an\u00ed \u010fal\u0161ej vrstvy. Takisto ved\u00fa z\u00e1znamy o tom, ktor\u00e9 typy prostriedkov dosahuj\u00fa najlep\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky s ich konkr\u00e9tnymi kombin\u00e1ciami pigmentov a \u017eiv\u00edc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u017diadny jednotliv\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d nevyrie\u0161i v\u0161etky probl\u00e9my. Miner\u00e1lne oleje m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 zakalenie v \u010d\u00edrych lakoch. Niektor\u00e9 silik\u00f3ny ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa pri\u013enavos\u0165 medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi vrstvami. Produkty na b\u00e1ze polym\u00e9rov niekedy vy\u017eaduj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00e1vkovanie. Skuto\u010dn\u00e9 umenie spo\u010d\u00edva v prisp\u00f4soben\u00ed chemick\u00e9ho zlo\u017eenia zdroju peny, sp\u00f4sobu nan\u00e1\u0161ania a po\u017eiadaviek na kone\u010dn\u00fd film, a n\u00e1slednom potvrden\u00ed v\u00fdberu praktick\u00fdmi testami namiesto spoliehania sa v\u00fdlu\u010dne na technick\u00e9 listy.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Ak sa pou\u017eije spr\u00e1vny odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d v spr\u00e1vnom mno\u017estve a prid\u00e1 sa v spr\u00e1vnej f\u00e1ze, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed si ani nev\u0161imne, \u017ee tam bol. V\u00fdroba prebieha plynulej\u0161ie, kles\u00e1 po\u010det zmetkov a hotov\u00fd n\u00e1ter vyzer\u00e1 presne tak, ako m\u00e1. Pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to tich\u00e1 spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 je d\u00f4vodom, pre\u010do aj po v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdch rokoch st\u00e1le pova\u017eujem v\u00fdber odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010da za jedno z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch rozhodnut\u00ed pri ka\u017edom zlo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After more than twenty-five years working in paint and coatings plants, I\u2019ve seen foam turn what should have been a straightforward production run into a long day of rejects and rework. It doesn\u2019t matter how good the pigment dispersion or resin system is \u2014 if persistent foam carries through to the finished paint, you end [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=163"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":167,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163\/revisions\/167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamer.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}